Fixed Games, Fixed Systems is an analysis of ‘Shoeless’ Joe Jackson’s role in the 1919 Black Sox Scandal and how his testimony demonstrates how unfair labor practices contributed to the scandal unfolding. Furthermore, it relates the scandal with other labor struggles to emphasize the labor aspects of the scandal, specifically how the scandal was used to entrench ownership control.
This essay was written for Dr. Susan Fernsebner’s HIST 299 class at the University of Mary Washington.